Information design is one of the branches of graphic design, defined as "the art and science of preparing information so that it can be used by human
beings with efficiency and effectiveness".
In other words, simply making sure that the information to be displayed is designed in such a way that it is easily accesible and digestable to the intended audience.
Of course a lack of foresight, or perhaps the belief that surely no-one would allow X to happen (where X=excessively large US deficit) may also cause unintended consequences.